A Collision Risk Model for Small UAVs Based on Velocity Random Distribution in Low-altitude Airspace

WANG Lili; YANG Jie

doi:10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2022.04.007

Volume 40 Issue 4

Aug. 2022

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Article Navigation > Journal of Transport Information and Safety > 2022 > 40(4): 64-70

WANG Lili, YANG Jie. A Collision Risk Model for Small UAVs Based on Velocity Random Distribution in Low-altitude Airspace[J]. Journal of Transport Information and Safety, 2022, 40(4): 64-70. doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2022.04.007

Citation:

WANG Lili, YANG Jie. A Collision Risk Model for Small UAVs Based on Velocity Random Distribution in Low-altitude Airspace[J]. Journal of Transport Information and Safety, 2022, 40(4): 64-70. doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2022.04.007

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A Collision Risk Model for Small UAVs Based on Velocity Random Distribution in Low-altitude Airspace

doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2022.04.007

WANG Lili^,,
YANG Jie

College of Air Traffic Management, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China

Received Date: 2022-01-04
Available Online: 2022-09-17

Abstract

Abstract

Collision risk is a key indicator to evaluate the safety of aircraft and the main factor to determine the aircraft's operating conditions in the airspace. To handle the potential conflict due to the increasing number of small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in low-altitude airspace, a novel collision risk model based on velocity random distribution is developed to determine the safe operating conditions of UAVs in low-altitude airspaces. New collision templates for UAVs are proposed, incorporating the maneuverability and flexibility of small UAVs. For a free-flying UAV, a double-layer sphere collision template is developed, including a collision layer and an avoidance layer. For a UAV following a fixed path, a cuboid collision template is proposed, incorporating the fuselage size of the UAV. Considering the rapid change of course and speed of the UAV, a stochastic velocity model is adopted instead of a linear model, and the relative velocity between UAVs is calculated, which is used to determine the space swept by the collision template. Considering positioning errors and speed errors of UAVs, the collision risk model based on velocity random distribution is proposed for UAVs in low-altitude airspace. Two types of UAVs, DJI M300 and M600, are selected as verification models. The Matlab software is used to simulate specific airspace scenarios. Then the relationships between collision risk and the density of small UAVs are analyzed. The simulations show that the collision risk in the airspace is positively correlated with the density of UAVs. According to the safety standards from the International Civil Aviation Organization, the maximum densities for the safe operation of the two types of verification models are 4.2 aircraft/km³ and 5.0 aircraft/km³, respectively. Under the premise of satisfying the safe conditions, the proposed model can increase the upper limit of the density of the two types of UAVs in the airspace by 106.9% and 88.7%, respectively. The results reveal that the proposed model is more consistent with the operating characteristics of UAVs. It can be used to improve the utilization of airspace, increase the capacity of UAVs in the airspace, and improve their operational efficiency in the future.
- safety of aircraft operation,
- unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV),
- collision risk model,
- random distribution,
- double-layer collision template,
- low-altitude airspace

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References(20)

References

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