LNG船对船过驳作业配置模型与安全稳定性分析

石峰; 陶可健; 黄立文; 谢澄

doi:10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2022.06.006

LNG船对船过驳作业配置模型与安全稳定性分析

doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2022.06.006

石峰^1,,
陶可健²,
黄立文^{2, 3, ,},
谢澄²

1.
中海油能源发展股份有限公司采油服务分公司天津 300452
2.
武汉理工大学航运学院武汉 430063
3.
武汉理工大学内河航运技术湖北省重点实验室武汉 430063

基金项目:

四川省科技计划项目 2022YFG0048

详细信息

作者简介:
石峰(1970—), 学士, 高工.研究方向: 海洋工程和船舶设备应用开发.E-mail: shifeng@cnooc.com.cn

通讯作者:
黄立文(1965—), 博士, 教授.研究方向: 智能航海与仿真技术.E-mail: lwhuang@whut.edu.cn

中图分类号: U693+.34
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-14
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-27

A Study of Configuration Model and Safety Analysis for Ship-to-ship Transfers of Liquefied Natural Gas

SHI Feng^1
,,
TAO Kejian²,
HUANG Liwen^{2, 3
, ,},
XIE Cheng²

1.
CNOOC Energy Technology and Services-Oil Production Services Co.Ltd, Tianjin 300452, China
2.
School of Navigation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
3.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Inland Shipping Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China

摘要

摘要: 针对LNG船对船过驳作业中设备选型与配置问题, 利用多层次模糊综合评判分析并系统性地构建了LNG船对船过驳作业配置模型, 提出了LNG船对船过驳设备配置稳定性的定量分析方法和计算流程, 以145 000 m3和60 000 m3的LNG船舶为试验对象, 利用计算流体动力学(CFD)技术对2船组合体配置系统开展仿真试验分析, 并基于仿真试验结果开展了该模拟工况条件下LNG船对船过驳选型适配度的计算。结果表明: 在模拟工况下LNG船对船过驳选型与配置适配度为0.85, 与最优值1.00的误差为15%, 在20%的误差允许范围内, 验证了所提出的LNG船对船过驳作业选型与配置模型的有效性; 同时, 明确了LNG船对船过驳作业的环境限制条件应为能见度大于1 000 m, 风力小于6级, 流速小于2.5 n mile/h, 过驳作业安全区半径范围为1 210 m。采用所构建的过驳作业选型与配置模型能够实现LNG船对船过驳作业设备选型与配置安全稳定性的量化分析和确定具有普适性的LNG船对船过驳作业限制条件, 对于保障LNG船对船过驳作业关键配置选型的安全性具有重要意义。
- 交通安全 /
- LNG船对船过驳 /
- 作业配置模型 /
- 安全稳定分析 /
- 仿真试验
Abstract: To address the problem of equipment selection and configuration for LNG ship-to-ship barge operation, a configuration model is systematically developed based on the multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation analysis.A quantitative analysis method is proposed to calculate the stability of LNG ship-to-ship transfer equipment. Taking145 000 m3 and 60 000 m3 LNG ships as test objects, simulation analysis of the assembly configuration system is carried out based on the Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) method. The goodness of fit analysis under the simulated conditions are carried out based on the configuration model of LNG ship-to-ship transfer operation. According to the results, the goodness of fit of the selection and configuration of LNG ship-to-ship transfer under the simulated working condition is 0.85, whose error between the optimal value is 15% that is within the allowable range of 20%.It verifies the proposed LNG ship-to-ship transfer select and configuration model. Meanwhile, the LNG ship-to-ship transfer operation is restricted by the visibility greater than 1 000 m, a wind speed of less than 10.8 m/s, a flow rate of less than 2.5 n mile/h, and a safety zone radius of 1 210 meters. The configuration model can not only be used to provide quantitative safety analysis of the configuration for LNG ship-to-ship transfer equipment, but also to set up the environmental restriction conditions of LNG ship-to-ship transfer operation.
- transportation safety /
- LNG ship-to-ship transfer /
- operation configuration models /
- safety and stability analysis /
- simulation test

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图 1 LNG船对船过驳选型与配置模型的层次结构

Figure 1. Hierarchical structure of LNG ship-to-ship transfer selection and configuration model

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图 2 LNG船对船系泊布置

Figure 2. Mooring model of LNG ships combined system

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图 3 船舶锚泊配置模型

Figure 3. Anchoring stability configuration model

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图 4 辅助拖船配置方式

Figure 4. The arrangement of tugs

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图 5 过驳船舶选型与设备配置流程

Figure 5. The process of transfer ship selection and equipment configuration

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图 6 缆绳受力情况

Figure 6. The force of the cable

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图 7 碰垫受力情况

Figure 7. The force of the fenders

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图 8 锚链拉力时历曲线

Figure 8. Time series of the anchor forces

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图 9 拖船作用力时历曲线

Figure 9. Time series of the tug forces

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图 10 LNG泄漏扩散浓度随距离变化情况

Figure 10. Change of LNG leakage diffusion concentration with distance

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图 11 LNG STS过驳作业区示意图

Figure 11. Operation area of LNG STS transfer operation

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图 12 不同模拟方案下适配度误差情况

Figure 12. Error of goodness of fit under different simulation scenarios

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表 1 权重值的计算结果

Table 1. Calculation results of weight values

二级指标	权重值ω_i	三级指标	权重值ω_ij
		风速	0.69
过驳环境适配	0.65	流速	0.56
		能见度	0.72
		系泊布置	0.75
过驳设备适配	0.66	碰垫选型	0.58
		锚泊方式	0.66
辅助拖轮适配	0.58
过驳作业区适配	0.77

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表 2 碰垫快速选取表

Table 2. Parameters of fender selection

靠泊系数C/t	抵靠速度v/(m/s)	靠泊能量/(kN·m)	碰垫数量/个	高压碰垫尺寸/（m×m)
1 000	0.30	24	≥ 3	1.0×2.0
3 000	0.30	70	≥ 3	1.5×3.0
6 000	0.30	140	≥ 3	2.5×5.5
10 000	0.25	170	≥ 3	2.5×5.5
30 000	0.25	400	≥ 4	3.3×6.5
50 000	0.20	480	≥ 4	3.3×6.5
100 000	0.15	540	≥ 4	3.3×6.5
150 000	0.15	710	≥ 5	3.3×6.5
200 000	0.15	930	≥ 5	3.3×6.5
330 000	0.15	1 550	≥ 4	4.5×9.0
500 000	0.15	2 310	≥ 4	4.5×9.0

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表 3 锚的抓力系数和锚链的摩擦系数

Table 3. Coefficient of anchor holding and chain friction

底质	λ_a	λ_c	底质	λ_a	λ_c
软泥	10	3	砂贝壳	7	2
硬泥	9	2	沙砾	6	1.5
砂泥	8	2	小块石	5	1.5
砂	7	2

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表 4 LNG船舶设计参数

Table 4. Parameters of the LNG ships

项目类型	LNGU	LNGR
船长L_oa/m	292.0	216.0
垂线间长L_bp/m	278.0	205.0
船宽B/m	43.4	34.0
型深D/m	26.3	17.7
吃水T/m	11.4	9.0
排水量∆/t	114 700	51 900
横摇惯性半径K_xx/m	14.8	11.6
纵摇惯性半径K_yy/m	73.0	54.0
艏摇惯性半径K_zz/m	76.0	56.0

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表 5 风浪流环境条件参数

Table 5. Parameters of environmental condition

环境条件	参数	类型数值
	风谱	NPD谱
风	风速V_w/(m/s)	7.9
	风向C_w/（°）	180
	类型	定常流
流	流速V_c/(m/s)	1
	流向C_c/（°）	180
	波浪谱	JONSWAP谱
	有义波高H_s/m	1.25
浪	Gamma	3.3
	谱峰周期T/Hz	0.25
	浪向C_e/（°）	180

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表 6 LNG船对船过驳设备参数

Table 6. Equipment parameters of LNG ship-to-ship transfer

设备	参数	类型数值
缆绳	船艏/根	8
	船舯/根	4
	船艉/根	6
	破断强度/kN	1 774
碰垫	数量/个	4
	尺寸/(m×m)	3.3×6.5
	破断强度/kN	2 460
锚	锚泊方式	单锚锚泊
锚	破断强度/kN	14 970
拖船	拖船数量/艘	3
拖船	布置方式	受载船配置

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表 7 模拟工况设置情况

Table 7. Simulate settings of each scenarios

序号	风力等级	流速/（n mile/h）	能见度/m	适配度	相符误差值/%
1	4	1	2 000	0.857	4.8
2	5	1	2 000	0.852	5.2
3	6	1	2 000	0.764	15.1
4	7	1	2 000	0.648	28.0
5	4	1.5	2 000	0.864	3.9
6	4	2	2 000	0.851	5.5
7	4	2.5	2 000	0.755	16.1
8	4	3	2 000	0.716	20.5
9	4	3.5	2 000	0.701	22.1
10	4	1	1 500	0.867	3.6
11	4	1	1 000	0.864	4.0
12	4	1	500	0.780	13.3
13	4	1	200	0.667	25.9

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表 8 适配度的计算结果

Table 8. Calculation results of goodness of fit

二级指标	三级指标	指标实测值d_ij	指标最优值d'_ij	适配度实测值	适配度最优值
过驳环境适配	风速	7.9	12.3	0.85	1.00
	流速	1.0	1.3
	能见度	2 000	1 000
过驳设备适配	系泊布置	1 315	1 770
	碰垫选型	2 145	2 460
	锚泊方式	817	1 000
辅助拖船适配		3	3
过驳作业区适配		1 210	1 500

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