不良气象微环境对机场道面抗滑性能影响分析

邢小亮; 王孝存; 张昱; 高立晓; 樊兆董

doi:10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2022.01.010

不良气象微环境对机场道面抗滑性能影响分析

doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2022.01.010

邢小亮^1,,
王孝存^{2, 3, ,},
张昱^{4, 5},
高立晓^{4, 5},
樊兆董^{4, 5}

1.
同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室上海 201804
2.
华设设计集团北京民航设计研究院有限公司北京 101318
3.
民航机场安全与运行工程技术研究中心北京 101318
4.
山东省交通科学研究院济南 250031
5.
山东省路域安全与应急保障交通运输行业重点实验室济南 250102

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 71673201

民航机场安全与运行工程技术研究中心开放课题项目 KFKT2021-04

详细信息

作者简介:
邢小亮（1988—），博士研究生. 研究方向：交通安全与环境、道路规划与几何设计等. E-mail：835950648@qq.com

通讯作者:
王孝存（1975—），博士，高级工程师. 研究方向：机场工程. E-mail：44165756@qq.com

中图分类号: U491.2+51
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- 文章访问数: 753
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- PDF下载量: 37
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-10-29
- 网络出版日期: 2022-03-31

Influences of Adverse Meteorological Micro-environment on Skid Resistance of Airport Pavement

XING Xiaoliang^1
,,
WANG Xiaocun^{2, 3
, ,},
ZHANG Yu^{4, 5},
GAO Lixiao^{4, 5},
FAN Zhaodong^{4, 5}

1.
The Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
2.
Beijing Civil Aviation Design and Research Institute of China Design Group, Beijing 101318, China
3.
Civil Airport Safety and Operation Engineering Technology Research Center, Beijing 101318, China
4.
Shandong Transportation Institute, Jinan 250031, China
5.
Shandong Road Region Safety and Emergency Support Transportation Industry Laboratory, Jinan 250102, China

摘要

摘要: 不良气象微环境直接影响机场区域道面使用性能及安全性。在剖析不良气象微环境作用机理基础上，利用环境舱模拟道面结冰试验，探究了不同气象微环境条件下的关键控制因子与摩擦系数的耦合作用规律，建立了水膜、积雪、结冰厚度与道面的抗滑性能预测模型。研究结果表明：厚冰道面摩擦系数介于0.09~ 0.15，抗滑性能最差；薄冰+水、厚冰+水及薄冰道面优于厚冰道面，但不满足场道飞机及作业车辆的安全运营需求；积雪道面摩擦系数介于0.37~0.46，但受荷载压实易形成光滑道面，影响机场区域交通安全。通过多元非线性数据回归耦合作用分析，建立了水膜、积雪、结冰厚度与机场道面抗滑性能关系模型。经拟合优度及显著性检验分析可知，提出的模型拟合优度均大于0.8，满足收敛和显著性检验要求，在实际机场道面抗滑性能安全预测预警应用中具有统计学意义。
- 交通安全 /
- 机场道面 /
- 抗滑性能 /
- 室内试验 /
- 多元非线性回归 /
- 气象微环境
Abstract: The performance and safety of airport pavement is affected by adverse meteorological micro-environment directly. On the basis of analyzing the function mechanism of adverse meteorological microenvironment, the correlation of key impact factors and friction coefficient under different meteorological micro-environment conditions are studied through pavement icing tests carried out in an environment chamber. The prediction models of the thickness of water film, snow, ice, and skid resistance of pavement are proposed. The results show that the friction coefficient of the pavement covered by thick ice is between 0.09 and 0.15, where skid resistance is the worst. Although thin ice & water-covered pavement, thick ice & water-covered pavement, and the pavement covered by thin ice have better skid resistance than the pavement covered by thick ice, they still cannot meet the requirements for safe operation of airplanes and working vehicles. In addition, the friction coefficient of snow-covered pavement is good and it usually ranges between 0.37 and 0.46, but such pavement may form a smooth surface under load pressure, which will seriously affect the traffic safety of airports. A relationship model between water film, snow, ice thickness, and skid resistance of airport pavement is developed through a multiple nonlinear regression analysis. It is found that the goodness of fit of the proposed model is greater than 0.8, which meets the requirements for the goodness-of-fit and significance test of regression analysis. It is believed that the models developed are useful for providing early warning for low skid resistance of airport pavement.
- traffic safety /
- airport pavement /
- skid resistance /
- laboratory test /
- multiple nonlinear regression /
- meteoro-logical micro-environment

HTML全文

图 1 不同气象微环境下机场道面水的存在形式

Figure 1. Existence forms of airport pavement water under different meteorological micro environments

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图 2 路域环境模拟实验系统

Figure 2. Road domain environment simulation experiment system

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图 3 试验设备

Figure 3. Test equipment

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图 4 干燥状态道面摩擦系数随环境温度变化

Figure 4. Variation of friction coefficient of dry pavement with ambient temperature

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图 5 雪泥道面

Figure 5. Snow-mud pavement

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图 6 雪泥道面厚度与摩擦系数变化

Figure 6. Variation of thickness and friction coefficient of snow-mud pavement

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图 7 积雪道面

Figure 7. Snow pavement

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图 8 积雪厚度与摩擦系数变化

Figure 8. Variation of snow thickness and friction coefficient

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图 9 薄冰道面摩擦系数变化规律

Figure 9. Variation of friction coefficient of thin ice pavement

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图 10 冰层、水膜厚度箱型图

Figure 10. Box diagram of ice sheet and water film thickness

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图 11 厚冰道面摩擦系数变化

Figure 11. Variation of friction coefficient of thick ice pavement

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图 12 结冰道面参数与抗滑性能拟合

Figure 12. Fitting of icing pavement parameters and skid resistance

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图 13 薄冰+水混合道面抗滑性能拟合曲线

Figure 13. Fitting curve of skid resistance of thin ice & water mixed pavement

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图 14 厚冰+水混合道面控制因子与抗滑性能拟合曲面

Figure 14. Fitting surface between control factor and skid resistance of thick ice & water mixed pavement

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图 15 积雪道面与抗滑性能拟合曲线

Figure 15. Fitting curve of snow pavement and skid resistance

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表 1 试验控制因素

Table 1. Control factors of the test

道面特征	冰层厚度/mm	雪层厚度/cm	表面温度/℃	道面工况
冰层	0.3/1		0~-15	黑冰/冻雨/融化结冰
积雪		0.5~2	-5，-10, -15	降雪/融雪后再降雪
雪泥	0.1	1	-5	雨夹雪/碾压积雪融化

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表 2 试验数据统计

Table 2. Test data statistics

	均值	标准差	最小值	中位数	最大值
路面温度/C	-6.21	2.72	-10.08	-6.23	-2.14
摩擦系数	0.63	0.05	0.58	0.62	0.72

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表 3 机场道面结冰关键控制因子

Table 3. Key control factors of airport pavement icing

道面类型		摩擦系数	控制因子	抗滑性能
干燥道面		0.58~0.72	道面温度	优
结冰道面	薄冰	0.15~0.31	道面温度	较差
结冰道面	厚冰	0.09~0.15	冰层厚度	极差
雪泥道面	薄冰+水	0.18~0.63	水膜厚度	中
雪泥道面	厚冰+水	0.13~0.16	水膜厚度	差
积雪道面		0.37~0.46	积雪厚度	良

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