Abstract: Steady increase of the worldwide economy results in a rapid growth of truck transport.However, there is high risk of truck transport under various influences of road conditions, vehicle performances, and risky driving behaviors, for which cause death and great loss in property.A comprehensive review of the state-of-art theory for truck traffic safety in United States is conduct with purpose to improve safety management of trucks.Frameworks and main practical achievements of previous studies are reviewed and analyzed from three aspects: truck accident theories, proactive safety prevention technologies, and simulation modeling methods on traffic safety.Then model systems, equipment research and development, hot issues, information systems, and analyzing techniques of truck safety on highways are summarized.Finally, the key issues and trends on theoretical studies, equipment developments, and management of truck safety are analyzed for future studies.The review results demonstrated that detailed and reliable data is the foundation of theoretical studies of truck transport safety.The ideas of proactive safety have been gradually accepted in developing and managing practice of truck operation systems.Various types of simulation techniques can extend the scope and depth of future studies on truck safety.